ASTM A335 P91 P1 P2 P5 P11 Alloy Steel Seamless Pipe: Chrome Moly Pipe for High-Temperature Service
Material and Specification
ASTM A335 is a specification for seamless ferritic alloy-steel pipe intended for high-temperature service. The grades covered under this specification include P1, P2, P5, P11, and P91, each designed to withstand elevated temperatures and pressures. These pipes are commonly used in power plants, petrochemical plants, and other high-temperature applications.
Key Features
- High-Temperature Resistance: Designed to perform under extreme temperatures.
- Corrosion Resistance: Enhanced resistance to oxidation and corrosion.
- Strength and Durability: High tensile strength and toughness.
- Seamless Construction: Provides uniformity and reliability in high-pressure applications.
Chemical Composition
The following table outlines the chemical composition of the various grades of ASTM A335 alloy steel seamless pipe:
| Grade | C (%) | Mn (%) | P (%) | S (%) | Cr (%) | Mo (%) | Si (%) | V (%) |
| P1 | 0.10 | 0.30-0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.40-0.60 | - | 0.10-0.40 | - |
| P2 | 0.10 | 0.30-0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.40-0.60 | 0.10-0.20 | 0.10-0.40 | - |
| P5 | 0.10 | 0.30-0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.50-0.80 | 0.10-0.20 | 0.10-0.40 | - |
| P11 | 0.10 | 0.30-0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.40-0.60 | 0.40-0.60 | 0.10-0.40 | - |
| P91 | 0.08 | 0.30-0.60 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 8.00-9.50 | 0.85-1.05 | 0.50-0.60 | 0.15-0.25 |
Mechanical Properties
The following table presents the mechanical properties of the ASTM A335 grades:
| Grade | Yield Strength (MPa) | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Hardness (HB) |
| P1 | 205 | 415-550 | 20 | 160-207 |
| P2 | 205 | 415-550 | 20 | 160-207 |
| P5 | 205 | 415-550 | 20 | 160-207 |
| P11 | 205 | 415-550 | 20 | 160-207 |
| P91 | 240 | 550-690 | 20 | 200-250 |
Steel Grade
The steel grades under ASTM A335 are categorized based on their chemical composition and mechanical properties, with P91 being the most advanced in terms of high-temperature strength and creep resistance.
Application
ASTM A335 alloy steel seamless pipes are widely used in:
- Power generation plants
- Oil and gas refineries
- Chemical processing industries
- Boiler systems
- Heat exchangers
Possible Alternative Grades
While ASTM A335 grades are widely used, there are alternative grades that may be considered based on specific requirements:
- ASTM A213: Similar to A335 but typically used for smaller diameter pipes.
- ASTM A192: Seamless carbon steel boiler tubes for high-pressure service.
- ASTM A106: Seamless carbon steel pipe for high-temperature service.
These alternatives may provide similar performance characteristics depending on the application and service conditions.
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